Textiles Vocabulary
Textiles - objects made of materials which contain fibres
Fibres - fine, hair like structures
Yarns - threads that fibres are twisted or spun into
Fabric - material made from yarn - woven, knitted, bonded
Filament - a long fibre
Staple - a short fibre
Natural Fibre - fibres which come from plants or animals
Regenerated - Natural fibres with chemicals added to them
Synthetic - fibres made from chemicals
Cellulose - substance found in all plant cells
Spinneret - equipment used for spinning synthetic fibres
Texturising - crimping and then setting fibres to add bulk
Warp yarn - yarn running down the length of woven fabric
Weft yarn - yarns which run across woven fabric
Selvedge - very edge of woven fabric
Grain - direction of the construction of a piece of fabric
Bias - an imaginary line diagonally across grain of fabric
Weft Knitting - forming loops across the width of a piece of fabric
Warp Knitting - interlocking loops vertically up the length of fabric
Nap - a one directional brushed surface
Blending - mixing different fibres before making into yarn
Laminating - joining different fabrics in layers
Specification - a list of features of a design with a reason for each
Thumbnail sketch - quick, freehand sketches of ideas
Presentation drawings - detailed drawings showing design ideas
Working drawings - design showing construction details
Sequential diagrams - drawings showing step by step instructions
Product development - examining features of a design
Mock-up - rough model
Prototype - detailed model- first finished item
Toile - accurate model of clothing using calico or muslin
Collection - series of sample garments
Grading - producing a variety of sizes from a single design
Trend - something which is popular for a short time
Component - items added to fabric to make textile products
Embroidery - decorative stitching
Disassembly - taking apart products to see how they are made
Dyeing - soaking fabric in a pigment to colour it
Printing - marking the fabric with a decorative design
Colourfast - colour will not wash out or fade
Batik - applying wax to fabric before dying
Applique - sewing fabric onto a background fabric
Blocks - basic shapes used to make pattern pieces
Pattern - templates from which textile items can be made
Seam - stitching used to join two pieces of fabric together
Tacking - temporary joining stitch dine by hand
Hem - bottom of textile item joined to itself
Tucks/pleats - folds of fabric held in place by stitching
Darts - construction details to make a garment fit
Shears - large scissors
Overlocker - machine which gives a professional look to textiles
Batch - small numbers of identical products made
Repetitive flow - large quantities of same product are made
Function - what a product does
Evaluation - process used to ensure product matches targets
Quality - high level of excellence
Quality control - way of checking the quality of an item
List adapted from: http://moodle.olchfa.swansea.sch.uk/mod/page/view.php?id=1589
Fibres - fine, hair like structures
Yarns - threads that fibres are twisted or spun into
Fabric - material made from yarn - woven, knitted, bonded
Filament - a long fibre
Staple - a short fibre
Natural Fibre - fibres which come from plants or animals
Regenerated - Natural fibres with chemicals added to them
Synthetic - fibres made from chemicals
Cellulose - substance found in all plant cells
Spinneret - equipment used for spinning synthetic fibres
Texturising - crimping and then setting fibres to add bulk
Warp yarn - yarn running down the length of woven fabric
Weft yarn - yarns which run across woven fabric
Selvedge - very edge of woven fabric
Grain - direction of the construction of a piece of fabric
Bias - an imaginary line diagonally across grain of fabric
Weft Knitting - forming loops across the width of a piece of fabric
Warp Knitting - interlocking loops vertically up the length of fabric
Nap - a one directional brushed surface
Blending - mixing different fibres before making into yarn
Laminating - joining different fabrics in layers
Specification - a list of features of a design with a reason for each
Thumbnail sketch - quick, freehand sketches of ideas
Presentation drawings - detailed drawings showing design ideas
Working drawings - design showing construction details
Sequential diagrams - drawings showing step by step instructions
Product development - examining features of a design
Mock-up - rough model
Prototype - detailed model- first finished item
Toile - accurate model of clothing using calico or muslin
Collection - series of sample garments
Grading - producing a variety of sizes from a single design
Trend - something which is popular for a short time
Component - items added to fabric to make textile products
Embroidery - decorative stitching
Disassembly - taking apart products to see how they are made
Dyeing - soaking fabric in a pigment to colour it
Printing - marking the fabric with a decorative design
Colourfast - colour will not wash out or fade
Batik - applying wax to fabric before dying
Applique - sewing fabric onto a background fabric
Blocks - basic shapes used to make pattern pieces
Pattern - templates from which textile items can be made
Seam - stitching used to join two pieces of fabric together
Tacking - temporary joining stitch dine by hand
Hem - bottom of textile item joined to itself
Tucks/pleats - folds of fabric held in place by stitching
Darts - construction details to make a garment fit
Shears - large scissors
Overlocker - machine which gives a professional look to textiles
Batch - small numbers of identical products made
Repetitive flow - large quantities of same product are made
Function - what a product does
Evaluation - process used to ensure product matches targets
Quality - high level of excellence
Quality control - way of checking the quality of an item
List adapted from: http://moodle.olchfa.swansea.sch.uk/mod/page/view.php?id=1589
